The pharaoh was an institution of divine monarchical ascention in ancient Egyptian society. The pharaoh was a monarch attributed with god-like authority and power. The pharaoh was expected to rule with Ma'at.

A spiritual precept of ancient Egyptian rule. Ma'at requires the pharaoh to rule according to principals of truth and justice, with deference to right order and harmony. In ancient Egypt, pharaohs were thought to be divine instruments required to preserve the order and harmony of the universe.

Latin: wedge form. A system of writing developed in ancient Mesopotamia, and used by the Sumerian and later civilizations. Some ancient texts date as far back as 3000 BCE. Sumerians wrote cuneiform impressions on clay tablets, with a reed stylus. They then dried these tablets in the sun to obtain …

The art and practice of attempting to foretell or obtain knowledge concerning future events, the supernatural, or divine will. Divination frequently implies the use of characteristic tools of the trade, for example, foretelling events through interpretation of animal remains, shape of smoke columns, dice rolls, predictive cards, etc. Divination was …

A stepped tower, or recessed pyramid used in construction of Sumerian, Babylonian and Assyrian Temples. Such towers were frequently constructed from mud brick, a common building material of ancient Mesopotamia.

One of four important early Mesopotamia-era deities including An, Enlil, Enki and Ninhursaga. Enlil was the god of wind. Enlil was considered to be the very powerful. Followers believed that Enlil symbolized the just use of force. Like the wind, Enlil encompasses the dual characteristics of fertility and destructive force …