Greek: literally "Five scrolls or documents." The first five books of the Hebrew bible. These books are known as Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.

1300- 1200 BCE -- A mass migration of the Hebrew people, out of slavery. After hundreds of years of slavery in Egypt, Moses lead the Hebrew people out of Egypt and across the Sinai desert. The Hebrew people "wandered" around the Sinai desert for forty years, about one generation, and finally …

1000 BCE -- Moses, a renowned leader of the Hebrew people, received the "Covenant" from God on Mt. Sinai. The covenant includes the Ten Commandments, which were embossed on stone tablets. Saul, the first king of the Hebrew people established a kingdom near Palestine. Later, David and Solomon expanded the kingdom …

1567- 1085 -- The pharaoh Ahmose I defeated and expelled the Hyksos from Egypt, reuniting the kingdom to end the age of chaos. This established the eighteenth dynasty and a period of Egyptian civilization historians refer to as "The New Kingdom." This period of Egyptian civilization was marked by improvements in …

Greek: literally 'sacred writings.' A system of pictographic writing used by the ancient Egyptians to depict objects and to convey a sense of sacred value. Hieroglyphs did not serve as a phonetic alphabet and conveyed strictly pictographic representations. Many hieroglyphs were carved in stone, but the Egyptians also notably used …

The ancient Egyptian god of the Sun. Atum was the human form of the god, while Re was a figure with the body of a human with the head of a falcon. Ancient Egyptians believed that the Sun was the fount of life. The pharaoh was seen as the earthly …